Language resources

Classification of bantu languages

1001 entries  ·  Last updated : 20/05/2026

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  • P25 Mabiha, Mavia
  • P31 Makhuwa, Emakhuwa, Makua
  • P31A Central Makhuwa [vmw], "Makhuwa-Makhuwana"
  • P31B Me(e)tto [mgh]
  • P31C Chirima [vmk], Shirima, incl. Kokola [kzn], Lolo [llb], Manyawa [mny], Marenje [vmr], Takwane [tke]
  • P31D Marrevone [xmc]
  • P31E Enahara, Naharra
  • P31F Esaka [xsq]
  • P31G Ruvuma Makhuwa, incl. Imithupi, Ikorovere
  • P311 Koti [eko], Ekoti, "Angoje"

Bantu languages

and their classification

Which classification ?

The original reference is the classification by Malcolm Guthrie (1967–1971), which organises languages into geographical zones designated by letters (A to S, excluding I, O and Q), subdivided into numbered groups. Ex:

A74aBulu — Zone A, Group 70, Language 4, Variant a


This classification has been revised several times (Tervuren, Maho). It is intended to be continually expanded.